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Výdaje na výzkum a vývoj a ekonomický růst
Danyś, Ondřej
Danyś, O. Research and Development Expenditures and Economic Growth. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2023. The bachelor's thesis examines the relationship between R&D spending and economic growth with a focus on government spending. The goal of the work is fulfilled thanks to panel regression analysis. The theoretical part shows the reasons why these expenses should lead to economic growth and contributes to the creation of the model in the empirical part. In the empirical part, a panel regression analysis is performed based on data from selected OECD countries. The period chosen for this analysis is between 2000-2020. The results of this regression indicated a positive effect of both total and government R&D expenditures on economic growth.
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Differences in the costs of research in higher education across scientific fields: how different are they from „KENs“ in teaching?
Srholec, Martin
Much has been said and written recently about low wages in the social sciences and humanities. Academics have demonstrated in the streets about it, and there has even been talk of a strike. Although a solution seems to be out of sight, one positive outcome cannot be denied. Discussion has finally begun on whether the so-called „koeficienty ekonomické náročnosti“ (KEN), on the base of which the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) distributes the main part of the subsidy for teaching in higher education over the past thirty years needs to be updated. This study compares the dispersion of KENs with the differences in costs of the academic activity closest to higher education teaching, which is undoubtedly research and development (R&D). We are not attempting to recalculate the KENs - which would be desirable, but is not feasible with the data and resources available to us - but at least to approximate the extent to which current KENs differ from the costs observed in R&D.
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Do public R&D subsidies boost competitiveness of supported companies in the Czech Republic?
Horák, Petr ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Švarcová, Natálie (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the impact of government non-investment and applied R&D subsidies on the firm level competitiveness. According to many literature sources the indicators of competitiveness are assumed to be Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Return on Sales and Asset Turnover ratio. The tool used to test the effect is counterfactual analysis. The subsidized companies are compared to a control group drawn by Propensity Score Matching, the effect is tested by Average Treatment Effect on the Treated and the difference in size of other financials is derived by Difference in Differences. The study focuses on two industries NACE C25 (metallurgy) and C28 (manufacture of machines). The subsidized companies show no added significant growth of competitiveness whatsoever. The financials (Total Assets, Equity, Turnover) grew, compared to the control group, only for industry C25. JEL Classification O31, O38, H21 Keywords R&D, Innovation, non-investment, subsidies, applied R&D, competitiveness Author's e-mail petr.rotr@post.cz Supervisor's e-mail petr.teply@fsv.cuni.cz
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Znalostní ekonomika jako faktor ekonomické výkonnosti firem
Šulcová, Darina
Šulcová, Darina. Knowledge Economy as the Factor of Firm Economic Performance. Diploma thesis. Brno: Mendel University in Brno, 2018. The main aim of this diploma thesis is to find out if there is any relation between the Knowledge Economy and Economic Performance. Member states of the European Union are compared within each other in accessing the Knowledge Economy not only according to composite indicators, but also according to sub-indicators of the Knowledge Economy. This thesis focuses on the situation of the Czech Republic and how it accesses sub-indicators of the Knowledge Economy. Member states are then compared also according to their national, high-tech industry and firm Economic Performance. The analysis of the relation between the composite indicators or sub-indicators of the Knowledge Economy and national, high-tech industry or firm economic performance is the key part of this thesis. In the end, there is a summary of main findings and some recommendations are made for the Czech Republic to improve its Knowledge Economy situation.
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Strengthening of the Chinese IT sector as a possible way from a middle-income trap
Pitnerová, Kristýna ; Stuchlíková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Žamberský, Pavel (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on the issue of the middle income trap, in connection with the development of Chinese economy and information technology sector since the beginning of the 21st century. The first chapter defines the middle income and describes the characteristics of the middle income trap. The second chapter deals with the development of the Chinese economy, its challenges and describes the role of the Chinese government in research and development. The third chapter is concentrated on Chinese foreign mergers and acquisitions, which are the main tool for obtaining the lack of know-how and knowledge in the area of high-tech technologies. The fourth chapter describes specific development cases of selected Chinese manufacturers in the IT industry - Lenovo and Huawei. Based on the comparison of foreign acquisitions made by these two companies, the relationship between the approach to realization of the acquisition and the influence of the given mark on the global market has been demonstrated. The main aim of the thesis is to verify hypothesis of the strengthening the Chinese IT industry not only on the domestic market but also in the world, where is demonstrated that increased support in IT development is one of the possible ways of escaping the middle-income trap.
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Do public R&D subsidies boost competitiveness of supported companies in the Czech Republic?
Horák, Petr ; Teplý, Petr (advisor) ; Švarcová, Natálie (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the impact of government non-investment and applied R&D subsidies on the firm level competitiveness. According to many literature sources the indicators of competitiveness are assumed to be Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Return on Sales and Asset Turnover ratio. The tool used to test the effect is counterfactual analysis. The subsidized companies are compared to a control group drawn by Propensity Score Matching, the effect is tested by Average Treatment Effect on the Treated and the difference in size of other financials is derived by Difference in Differences. The study focuses on two industries NACE C25 (metallurgy) and C28 (manufacture of machines). The subsidized companies show no added significant growth of competitiveness whatsoever. The financials (Total Assets, Equity, Turnover) grew, compared to the control group, only for industry C25. JEL Classification O31, O38, H21 Keywords R&D, Innovation, non-investment, subsidies, applied R&D, competitiveness Author's e-mail petr.rotr@post.cz Supervisor's e-mail petr.teply@fsv.cuni.cz
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Libraries and information systems supporting Italian research and developement
Podloucká, Karolina ; Papík, Richard (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee)
(in English) This thesis deals with the issue of information support of science and research development in Italy through information systems and library networks. The introductory chapter deals with several questions concerning the Italian academic environment and its relation to research and coordination of information. The second chapter introduces the current situation of Italian libraries, the library structures, legislation elements and mainly focuses on the institutions managing the libraries. The third chapter is devoted to science and research in Italy. The thesis also describes the current situation comparing it to other European countries. The emphasis is on major research institutions, support organizations and ministries. Followed by the explanation of funding and assessment of research institutions. The fourth chapter deals with the support of research in the area of Tuscany. The three largest universities of this region are analyzed - University of Florence, Pisa and Siena. After a description of these institutions, the thesis looks closely at their library networks, research activities and support. The conclusion summarizes the information obtained and answers the questions formulated in the introduction of this thesis.
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The world turned upside down
Nettwallová, Dominika ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Krištoufek, Ladislav (referee)
1 Bibliographic record NETTWALLOVÁ, Dominika. The World Turned Upside Down. Prague, 2013. 56 pg. Bachelor thesis (Bc.) Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic studies. Supervisor: doc. Ing. Tomáš Cahlík, CSc. Abstract This bachelor thesis is dedicated to China and to the determinants of its GDP growth. During 20th century, this formerly developing country has earned a place among economic giants. The following report, quietly admiring such achievement, is focused on analysis of individual growth factors and causes of their development; and followed by quantitative estimation of their size. The main topic, then, is a triad of factors - R&D, education and human capital - projected on the Chinese economy via several chosen econometric methods. JEL Classification C33, I25, J01, O15, O32, O40, O53 Keywords China, economic growth, R&D, labour force, education, panel data analysis Author's e-mail d.nettwall@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail cahlik@fsv.cuni.cz
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The Determinants of Innovation: Empirical analysis based on European country-level data
Stacho, Miroslav ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Netuka, Martin (referee)
The thesis summarizes current state of art for the most recent research capabilities of innovation activities analysis. Its main goal is to assess the factors influencing pace and volume of technological innovativeness throughout the European industry and services sectors considering time span 2002-2008 using country-level Community Innovation Surveys and R&D data. It also attempts to evaluate trends in innovation policy instruments targeted to close the gap between Europe and world innovation leaders such as USA. Complex literature overview, basic empirical and extended instruments' analyses lead to recommendations of optimal governments' policy approaches towards different groups of countries divided by level of innovative performance.
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Influence of the amount of real expenditures from Structural funds od EU on the number of patent applications filed by Czech applicants
Lehejčková, Lucie ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Vozárová, Pavla (referee)
Abstract The importance of investments in R&D was proved in several papers. These investments can influence innovative activity, which in turn, can spurs economic growth. Therefore, it was chosen to analyze the relation between amount of real expenditures of Structural funds of EU intended to R&D acitivities in CR and innovative activities, measured by number of submitted national patent applications by czech applicants in this diploma thesis. There are observed a direction of the impact, its approximate size and signifikance within several variations of models and chosen time lags. There is also compared the influence of real expenditures from EU funds and from czech resources. The results of this thesis shows, that there exists a positive relation between the two major variables, real expenditures from EU resources and number of submitted national patent applications in CR. It was also found out, that the size of the impact is not large, nonetheless, this impact was significant in a few cases. Results also confirm, that the impact of the expenditures is lagged by some time. Finally, the real expenditures of CR have the opposite direction of the impact and they are significant in all estimates.
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